2011-05-29

JTA transactions with Hibernate, JBoss 6 and Spring 3

In this post I will show you how to use JTA transactions with JBoss 6 server, Spring 3 and Hibernate 3.

In JEE, JTA allows transactions to be distributed across multiple resources. You don't need a JEE server though to run JTA transactions, Tomcat will do (possibly with a bit more hassle).
I decided to use JBoss 6 because it is a popular JEE server - but I would assume you can successfully run the code on any server as long as the data source is set correctly (plus with minor tweaks of server dependent stuff).

(I also wrote a post on non-jta transactions with Spring 3, JBoss 6 and Hibernate 3.)

applicationContext.xml


This is our Spring config file.

<bean id="entityManagerFactory"
       class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean">
       <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="Dogs" />
   </bean>

   <bean id="dogsDao" class="me.m1key.springtx.dao.DogsDaoImpl" />

   <bean id="dogsBean" class="me.m1key.springtx.beans.DogsBean"
       scope="singleton">
       <property name="dogsDao" ref="dogsDao" />
   </bean>

   <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="myTransactionManager" />
   <tx:jta-transaction-manager />

   <bean id="myTransactionManager"
       class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager" />

   <bean
       class="
       org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor " />
Look closely, notice the jta-transaction-manager annotation and JtaTransactionManager.

persistence.xml


This is our persistence.xml. It's a bit different from the non-jta version.

…
    <persistence-unit name="Dogs" transaction-type="JTA">
       <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
       <jta-data-source>java:/DogsDS</jta-data-source>
       <class>me.m1key.springtx.entities.Dog</class>

       <properties>
           <property name="hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class"
               value="org.hibernate.transaction.JBossTransactionManagerLookup" />
           <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
           <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" />
           <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create" />
       </properties>
   </persistence-unit>
…
Notice the transaction-type attribute. It's JTA as opposed to RESOURCE_LOCAL in the case of non-JTA. You must also specify transaction manager lookup class which is server dependent.

DAO


@PersistenceContext
  private EntityManager em;

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  @Transactional(readOnly = true)
  public List<Dog> retrieveAllDogs() {
      return em.createQuery("from Dog").getResultList();
  }

That's it! To run this example you need a database server running. I'm using HSQLDB. You can download source code and there is a batch file there that runs this HSQLDB server. The application is to be deployed on JBoss 6.

You call the transactional operation by accessing http://localhost:8080/springtx-jta-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/myurl.

pom.xml


For reference, the relevant parts of the POM file.

<dependencies>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
           <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
           <version>3.6.0.Final</version>
           <scope>provided</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
           <artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId>
           <version>3.2.0.Final</version>
           <scope>provided</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
           <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
           <version>1.0.0.Final</version>
           <scope>provided</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
           <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
           <version>3.6.0.Final</version>
           <type>jar</type>
           <scope>provided</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>hsqldb</groupId>
           <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
           <version>1.8.0.7</version>
           <type>jar</type>
           <scope>provided</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
           <version>3.0.3.RELEASE</version>
           <type>jar</type>
           <scope>compile</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
           <version>3.0.3.RELEASE</version>
           <type>jar</type>
           <scope>compile</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
           <version>3.0.3.RELEASE</version>
           <type>jar</type>
           <scope>compile</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
           <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
           <version>1.5.8</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
           <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
           <version>1.5.8</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
           <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
           <version>3.1</version>
           <type>jar</type>
           <scope>compile</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
           <version>3.0.3.RELEASE</version>
           <type>jar</type>
           <scope>test</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>junit</groupId>
           <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
           <version>4.8.1</version>
           <type>jar</type>
           <scope>test</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
           <version>3.0.3.RELEASE</version>
           <type>jar</type>
           <scope>compile</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
           <version>3.0.3.RELEASE</version>
           <type>jar</type>
           <scope>compile</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.jboss.spec.javax.servlet</groupId>
           <artifactId>jboss-servlet-api_3.0_spec</artifactId>
           <version>1.0.0.Final</version>
           <scope>provided</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>cglib</groupId>
           <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
           <version>2.2</version>
       </dependency>
   </dependencies>
   <repositories>
       <repository>
           <id>r.j.o-groups-public</id>
           <url>https://repository.jboss.org/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
       </repository>
   </repositories>

63 comments:

  1. Great post man , you have indeed covered the topic in great details, I have worked with Spring some time back and looking for some practical advice on that specially on AOP front and defining point-cut and real usage of those , would be great if you could write your experience on those.

    Thanks
    Top 20 Core Java Interview question

    ReplyDelete
  2. Hi Michal,

    Great post!

    A quick comment: If you are setting up a JTA-based persistence.xml, you may as well let JBoss do the PU deployment and retrieve it from JNDI (since JBoss will deploy the persistence unit anyway). You can also suppress the default deployment by renaming the PU definition file or by using jboss-ignore.txt. This is just so that you don't end up with the persistence unit created twice.

    ReplyDelete
  3. Hi Javin, thanks for visiting the blog. I did work with Spring AOP in a professional environment indeed. I may cover that in future.

    I already wrote some posts on plain AOP and I will probably focus on that now, if at all. It's a bit more powerful this way (plain AOP) than when used with Spring (but whether you need this extra power - manipulating class structure for instance - I'm not sure).

    ReplyDelete
  4. Hi Marius, thanks for your insight. I retrieve it from JNDI where? What exactly do I delegate to JBoss in this scenario?

    ReplyDelete
  5. Interesting read. I would trying out a similar setup with Glassfish as the JEE server and I assume the configuration would be similar. Do you have any idea about how are connections handled by spring in a distributed (JTA) transaction? I could see the spring class TransactionSynchronizationManager managing the connections as a thread local variable but not sure if this is the way spring guarantees same connection in a transaction

    ReplyDelete
  6. @amitstechblog

    In a JTA scenario, Spring is deferring resource (e.g. connection) management to the transaction service itself. This is why it is required that resources themselves are JTA-aware (e.g. managed datasources, JMS connection factories, managed persistence units/contexts or as in this example, a persistence unit that is JTA-synchronized - through the usage of the transaction lookup manager).

    ReplyDelete
  7. @Michal

    Here is a quick explanation of what I meant.

    1) Any Java EE module (WAR, EJB-JAR, EAR) that contains a META-INF/persistence.xml will cause the application server to create (and deploy) a persistence unit

    2) The persistence unit or a JTA-aware persistence context can be bound in JNDI - JBoss 5/6 support this in two separate ways:

    a) through specific properties in persistence.xml
    b) through the standard mechanism of resource reference registration - e.g. and in web.xml

    3) Spring applications can just access the managed persistence unit and persistence context through JNDI lookups, like here:

    http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/3.0.x/spring-framework-reference/html/orm.html#orm-jpa-setup-jndi

    When I say 'delegate', I really mean that instead of instantiating a distinct EntityManagerFactory, a Spring application can simply reuse the one created by the application server).

    Unfortunately, the comment space is not very friendly to code snippets :), so perhaps I'll try post a separate example of how this would look like.

    ReplyDelete
  8. @Marius
    I am bit confused by your statement - "In a JTA scenario, Spring is deferring resource (e.g. connection) management to the transaction service itself. " Do you mean if I use Bitronix as the distributed transaction manager, bitronix would do the connection management? If that's the case does it also mean TransactionSynchronizationManager is not involved when the transactions are distributed?

    ReplyDelete
  9. Hey Michal,

    Sorry for the delay - unexpectedly busy weekend. I'll post something today (Monday).

    ReplyDelete
  10. As promised:

    http://second-kind-demon.blogspot.com/2011/06/spring-jpa-java-ee-jboss-deployment.html

    ReplyDelete
  11. hi michal..i am not using jta..i use hibernate instead for jboss..is it possible ?? i stuck with this error..as far as i noticed, i dont have any redundancy in my pom.xml dependency..

    Cannot resolve reference to bean 'transactionManager' while setting bean property 'transactionManager'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'transactionManager' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/dao.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.LinkageError: loader constraint violation: when resolving field "logger" the class loader (instance of org/jboss/classloader/spi/base/BaseClassLoader) of the referring class, org/springframework/transaction/support/AbstractPlatformTransactionManager, and the class loader (instance of org/jboss/classloader/spi/base/BaseClassLoader) for the field's resolved type, org/springframework/transaction/support/AbstractPlatformTransactionManager, have different Class objects for that type
    11:24:53,098 INFO [STDOUT] at org.springframework.beans.AbstractPropertyAccessor.setPropertyValues(AbstractPropertyAccessor.java:102)
    11:24:53,098 INFO [STDOUT] at org.springframework.beans.AbstractPropertyAccessor.setPropertyValues(AbstractPropertyAccessor.java:58)
    11:24:53,098 INFO [STDOUT] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1350)
    11:24:53,099 INFO [STDOUT] ... 94 more

    ReplyDelete
  12. Hi kuchai, it's possible not to use JTA.

    I think the error is caused by the fact that you're supplying an *out-of-date* implementation of something, and NOT that you're not supplying it at all.

    Thanks for visiting.

    ReplyDelete
  13. hi michal..
    is it seems that the transactionManager cant be created..by default jboss 6 carter for JTA implementation..might be that causes the prob? as i was creating the transactionManager bean like below for hibernate?

    ReplyDelete
  14. bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

    </bean

    ReplyDelete
  15. Hi,

    If you don't want JTA: http://blog.m1key.me/2011/05/non-jta-transactions-with-hibernate.html

    ReplyDelete
  16. but that one need to provide entitymanager for the transactionManager..i am using session factory..

    ReplyDelete
  17. i upgraded my spring jar in pom.xml to use 3.0.5 release..still i got the same error:(

    ReplyDelete
  18. can we communicate through google mail instead :)..add me at kushairi22@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  19. can i just change the sessionfactory bean id below to entitymanager ?

    bean id="sessionFactory"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">




    hibernate.dialect=${hibernate.dialect}

    hibernate.query.substitutions=false
    hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache=true
    hibernate.transaction.factory_class=org.hibernate.transaction.CMTTransactionFactory
    hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class=org.hibernate.transaction.JBossTransactionManagerLookup
    hibernate.cache.provider_class=org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
    hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults false
    hibernate.jdbc.batch_size=0



    </property

    ReplyDelete
  20. No, I don't think so. :) I think you need a proper setup of entity manager.

    ReplyDelete
  21. i using appfuse..by default there is some default jar using sessionfactory..i can override the files..but i not sure it may affect others or not..

    ReplyDelete
  22. the problem is only with the transactionManager...:(..

    ReplyDelete
  23. Does it mean you HAVE TO use session factory because something else demands it?

    ReplyDelete
  24. yup..i tried another way now..previously i install spring in jboss along with cxf jars using
    jbossws-cxf-bin-dist..but now i only install the cxf jars without the spring jars..all the spring jars i provide in my pom.xml similiar like u except for the hibernate jar where we need to put the scope as provided...
    BUT, jboss 6.0 Final is giving me class not found exception for the spring jar..seems that jboss 6 cant look into my war web-inf lib folder..do u previously encounter the same error ??

    ReplyDelete
  25. I did not encounter anything similar. Anyway, I'm sure it is possible to use session factory without JTA.

    If you're not using JTA, you need to give it the transaction manager yourself.


    How about this? @PersistenceUnit(unitName="custDb") SessionFactory factory;

    ReplyDelete
  26. is there any where that we can just declare the transaction manager in the context.xml ?? how do you deploy ur app to jboss ?? i am using maven-war-plugin..and then excludes the web.xml...

    ReplyDelete
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